Up-regulated expression of microRNA-143 in association with obesity in the adipose tissue of mice fed high fat diet

Up-regulated expression of microRNA-143 in association with obesity in the adipose tissue of mice fed high fat diet

Rieko Takanabe1, Koh Ono2, Tomohide Takaya1, Takahiro Horie2, Hiromichi Wada1, Toru Kita2, Akira Shimatsu1, Koji Hasegawa1.

  1. Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto, Japan.
  2. Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2008 (New Orleans, USA), 2008/11/12 (Poster).

Abstract

Obesity is the result of an expansion and increase in the number of individual adipocytes. Since changes in gene expression during adipocyte differentiation and hypertrophy are closely associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases, further insight into the molecular basis of obesity is needed to better understand obesity-associated diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 17–24 nt single stranded RNA, that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. MiRNAs control cell growth, differentiation and metabolism, and may be also involved in pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diseases. It has been proposed that miR-143 plays a role in the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes in culture. However, regulated expression of miR-143 in the adult adipose tissue during the development of obesity in vivo is unknown. To solve this problem, C57BL/6 mice were fed with either high-fat diet (HFD) or normal chow (NC). Eight weeks later, severe insulin resistance was observed in mice on HFD. Body weight increased by 35% and the mesenteric fat weight increased by 3.3-fold in HFD mice compared with NC mice. We measured expression levels of miR-143 in the mesenteric fat tissue by real-time PCR and normalized with those of 5S ribosomal RNA. Expression of miR-143 in the mesenteric fat was significantly up-regulated (3.3-fold, p < 0.05) in HFD mice compared to NC mice. MiR-143 expression levels were positively correlated with body weight (R = 0.577, p = 0.0011) and the mesenteric fat weight (R = 0.608, p = 0.0005). We also measured expression levels in the mesenteric fat of PPARγ and AP2, whose expression are deeply involved in the development of obesity, insulin resistant and arteriosclerosis. The expression levels of miR-143 were closely correlated with those of PPARγ (R = 0.600, p = 0.0040) and AP2 (R = 0.630, p = 0.0022). These findings provide the first evidence for up-regulated expression of miR-143 in the mesenteric fat of HFD-induced obese mice, which might contribute to regulated expression of genes involved in the pathophysiology of obesity.